It was decided that a republican form of government should temporarily replace the monarchy, with two consuls replacing the king and executing the will of a patrician senate. Spurius Lucretius was elected interrex, and he proposed Brutus, and Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus, a leading citizen who was also related to Tarquinius Priscus, as the first two consuls. His choice was ratified by the comitia curiata , an organization of patrician families who primarily ratified decrees of the king.
Brutus gave a speech and a general election was held. The results were in favor of a republic. Brutus left Lucretius in command of the city as interrex, and pursued the king in Ardea where he had been positioned with his army on campaign.
Tarquinius was subsequently refused entry into Rome and lived as an exile with his family. Brutus and Lucretia. The statue shows Brutus holding the knife and swearing the oath, with Lucretia. What is known for certain is that he replenished the Senate to its original number of senators, recruiting men from among the equestrian class. The new consuls also created a separate office, called the rex sacrorum, to carry out and oversee religious duties, a task that had previously fallen to the king.
Homes were made from wood with thatched roofs, with a palisade to protect the village from intruders. Romulus came from a city up-river from Rome and went back to his home city, asking those who wanted a fresh, new start to come and populate his new village. Those who decided to leave with him were mostly slaves, criminals and those in debt. This created an immediate problem, because most of those people were men. Romulus needed women in order for the village to continue past one generation.
Romulus came up with a plan to steal women from the Sabines, a group of people living on a hill near Rome. The Roman men tricked the Sabine men into attending a party to the god Neptune read aloud is incorrect , and stole the Sabine women. These women eventually married the Roman men. As these two cultures blended, it was agreed that the king would alternate between a Roman king and a Sabine king, and so the first king of Rome, Romulus was a Roman, the second, a Sabine, the third, a Roman, and the fourth, a Sabine.
The Romans were influenced by other civilizations and people living in Italy. To the north, the Etruscans had a highly advanced civilization, the first on the Italian peninsula. From the Etruscans the Romans learned architecture and engineering. The Etruscans built stone temples and irrigation and drainage systems. The Etruscans, and not the Romans, invented the toga, a cloak used for formal clothing, and gladiatorial fighting.
Both of these examples were borrowed by the Romans. The Etruscans also believed in predicting the future by examining nature, something the Romans believed in as well.
It was from the Etruscans that the Romans borrowed realistic art. The Greeks settled in colonies in Southern Italy. From the Greeks, the Romans borrowed the gods and goddesses of the Greek pantheon , and learned Greek stories and literature. From the Latins, the Romans borrowed the Latin language, though wealthy Romans preferred to speak Greek. And from the Sabines, Rome's closest neighbors, the Romans learned fighting techniques and discipline.
There were seven kings who ruled Rome at the beginning of its history. April 21, B. At this time the Greeks were just emerging out of their Dark Ages. Romulus reigned from to BC. After Romulus died, the next four kings were elected by the Romans, the sixth, Servius Tullius, inherited the throne, and the seventh, Tarquinius Superbus was a usurper , killing Servius Tullius to gain the throne. The second king was Numa Pompilius, he reigned from to BC. Numa Pompilius was a Sabine who gave Rome its religious ceremonies.
The third Roman king, Tullus Hostilius, who reigned from BC to BC was a warlike king, who had many battles against the neighboring peoples of Rome. You can see the English word, hostile, as part of his name. He extended Roman territory by defeating the Latins in several battles. After Ancus, Rome was ruled by three Etruscan kings. This is the well-known rape of Lucretia.
Seven legendary kings are said to have ruled Rome until BC, when the last king was overthrown. These kings ruled for an average of 35 years. Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus , born ? Although he was a historical figure, his career has been much embellished by legend. Invasions by Barbarian tribes. The most straightforward theory for Western Rome's collapse pins the fall on a string of military losses sustained against outside forces.
The Etruscans were expelled from the city, and Rome became a republic. Soon afterward the Etruscans were driven from the rest of Latium as well.
From that time the title of king was hateful to the Roman people. In January 44, Caesar —who was already dictator—was named perpetual dictator by the Senate. This declaration made many senators of the conservative Optimates faction fear that Caesar wanted to overthrow the Republic and establish a monarchy; they thus decided to kill him to save the Republic.
It refers to the government of the ancient Roman Republic. It is still used as an official emblem of the modern-day municipality of Rome. When Romulus built a city wall, Remus jumped over it and was killed by his brother. Romulus consolidated his power, and the city was named for him. He increased its population by offering asylum to fugitives and exiles.
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